Język angielski, matura 2023 przykładowa - poziom podstawowy - pytania i odpowiedzi

B. TECHNIQUES OF PHOTOGRAPHING THE COUNTRYSIDE 

C. THE EVOLUTION OF A CAMERA PHONE 

D. A DEVICE AS A DECORATIVE ELEMENT 

E. OUTDOOR PHOTO OPPORTUNITIES 

F. THE COST OF ACCOMMODATION

A POLAROID-INSPIRED VILLA

“Do you want something, Robbie?” said Gloria. “Oh, I know. You want a story.” 

The robot nodded. 

“Which one?” 

Robbie made a semi-circle in the air with one finger. 

The little girl protested, “Again? I’ve told you Cinderella a million times. Aren’t you bored with it? It’s for babies!

” Another semi-circle. 

“Well, so be it. Once upon a time there was a beautiful little girl. And she had a terribly cruel stepmother and two very ugly and very cruel stepsisters...” Gloria was in the middle of the story when they heard her mother call: “Gloria, where are you?” 

“Mamma’s calling me, Robbie. We’d better get back to the house,” said Gloria. 

“Where were you?” Mrs. Weston asked impatiently when she saw them. 

“I was telling Robbie a story, and I forgot it was dinner-time,” Gloria tried to explain. “Well, it’s a pity Robbie forgot, too,” Mrs. Weston said, throwing an angry look at the robot, 

“You may go, Robbie. She doesn’t need you now.” And then she added sharply, “Don’t come back till I call you.”

Tekst C

“Aglio Kim”, a robot which is equipped with artificial intelligence, is serving food to customers at a restaurant in Seoul. The customers first order from the menu using a touch-screen on their table, and then the robot brings their order to the table. The robot is equipped with food trays which can carry up to 30 kilograms and can deliver food to up to four tables at a time. It also has an LCD screen and a speaker to communicate with customers. The robot has been programmed to speak not only Korean but also English, so the restaurant is visited by many foreign tourists and it has become one of the city’s favourite new attractions. 

There are plans to produce more robots for restaurants this year and create a model with voice recognition technology early next year.

*** 

 Have you ever wondered why traffic lights are red, yellow and green?

 The first signalling system was built in London in 1868. It was not designed for motor cars as they didn’t exist at that time. Horse-drawn carriages were a popular means of transport in those days and there were many pedestrians, but the first traffic signalling system was not for them either. In fact, it was for controlling railway vehicles. At first the system was pretty basic and didn’t even have lights. There were just two wooden arms that moved. Their position informed train drivers to go or to stop. But at night it was impossible to see the arms, so railway engineers installed simple lights to make the system visible after dark. Red was for “stop”, green for “be careful” and white for “go”.

 

However, the choice of white for “go” caused a lot of problems. At night, white lights from street lamps sometimes made train drivers believe the white traffic light was on and that they could go. This resulted in several serious collisions, and railway officials decided to replace the white light with yellow and to change the meaning of the traffic light colours. The green light now meant “go” and yellow meant “be careful” as it was the most clearly visible traffic light at night. Soon the system was introduced on roads, and red, yellow and green lights have been used ever since. 

And have you ever wondered how colour-blind drivers, who cannot tell the difference between some colours, read traffic lights? Most of them rely on the order of the lights, because green is at the bottom and red is at the top, and this order never changes. 

Road engineers in the United States wanted to help colour-blind people recognize the lights better. At first, they tried making the lights much stronger, but it was not effective. One successful solution was changing the lights by adding an orange shade to the red light and a blue shade to the green. This change made a big difference to most colour-blind drivers and such lights can be found all over the USA. Another idea, called Uni-Signal, combines colours with shapes. In this system the red light is triangle-shaped, the green light is square, and the yellow light is a circle. These different shapes allow colour-blind drivers to identify traffic lights from much farther away. However, this system is not widely used because introducing it would be extremely expensive. 

Some people believe that the best way to make roads safer is to have no traffic lights at all! The idea is simple – if no one is automatically given the right to drive through at crossroads, then everybody will drive more carefully. However, opponents of this solution say that traffic lights are necessary, especially at big crossroads where the traffic is heavy.

THE POWER OF ENCOURAGEMENT

.........................

.........................